Anthony Stephen Fauci ( /ˈfaʊtʃi/; born December 24, 1940) is an American physician and immunologistwho has served as the director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) since 1984. Since January 2020, he has been one of the lead members of the Trump Administration's White House Coronavirus Task Force addressing the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. Fauci is considered one of the most trusted medical figures in the country.[1][2]
Fauci is recognized as one of the world's leading experts on infectious diseases.[3][4] As a physician with the National Institutes of Health (NIH), Fauci has served American public health in various capacities for over 50 years, and has been an advisor to every U.S. president since Ronald Reagan.[3] He has made contributions to HIV/AIDS research and other immunodeficiencies, both as a scientist and as the head of the NIAID at the NIH, and from 1983 to 2002 was one of the world's most-cited scientists in scientific journals.[5]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony_Fauci
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安东尼·斯蒂芬·弗契（英語：Anthony Stephen Fauci，/ˈfaʊtʃi/，1940年12月24日－），中国大陆官方译安东尼·福奇[1]，港澳台译安东尼·弗契，是美國免疫學家，美國國家過敏和傳染病研究所主任。他在對艾滋病和H1N1甲型流感以及COVID-19等傳染病的研究中作出重大貢獻。他是白宮冠狀病毒特別工作組成员。
弗契被公認為是世界領先的傳染病專家之一。作為美國國家衛生院（NIH）的醫生，弗契曾以各種身份為美國公共衛生服務50多年，自羅納德·雷根以來，他一直是每位美國總統的顧問。作為科學家和NIH NIAID的負責人，他為HIV/AIDS研究和其他免疫缺陷研究做出了貢獻。弗契是美国科学界的代表人物。在美国电视上播出解释有关艾滋病、生物恐怖主义或世界性流感的节目的时候，人们最有可能看到的就是他。
In 1968, Fauci joined the National Institutes of Health (NIH) as a clinical associate in the Laboratory of Clinical Investigation (LCI) at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.[10] In 1974, he became Head of the Clinical Physiology Section, LCI, and in 1980 was appointed Chief of the Laboratory of Immunoregulation. In 1984, he became director of NIAID, a position he still holds as of 2020.[4] In that role he has the responsibility for an extensive research portfolio of basic and applied research on infectious and immune-mediated illnesses.[10] He has turned down several offers to lead his agency's parent, the NIH, and has been at the forefront of U.S. efforts to contend with viral diseases like HIV, SARS, the 2009 swine flu pandemic, MERS, Ebola and COVID-19.[11]
He played a significant role in the early 2000s in creating the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief[12] and in driving development of biodefensedrugs and vaccines following the 9/11 terrorist attacks.[13]
Fauci has been a visiting professor at many medical centers, and has received 30 honorary doctorates from universities in the U.S. and abroad.[14]
Fauci has made important scientific observations that contributed to the understanding of regulation of the human immune response, and is recognized for delineating the mechanisms whereby immunosuppressiveagents adapt to that response. He developed therapies for formerly fatal diseases such as polyarteritis nodosa, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, and lymphomatoid granulomatosis. In a 1985 Stanford University Arthritis Center Survey of the American Rheumatism Association, membership ranked Fauci's work on the treatment of polyarteritis nodosa and granulomatosis with polyangiitis as one of the most important advances in patient management in rheumatology over the previous 20 years.[15][16]
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Fauci has contributed to the understanding of how HIV destroys the body's defenses leading to the progression to AIDS. He has outlined the mechanisms of induction of HIV expression by endogenous cytokines.[16] Fauci has worked to develop strategies for the therapy and immune reconstitution of patients with the disease, as well as for a vaccine to prevent HIV infection. His current research is concentrated on identifying the nature of the immunopathogenic mechanisms of HIV infection and the scope of the body's immune responses to HIV.
In 2003, the Institute for Scientific Information stated that from 1983 to 2002, "Fauci was the 13th most-cited scientist among the 2.5 to 3 million authors in all disciplines throughout the world who published articles in scientific journals".[5]
